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Gonadorelin Acetate (GnRH)

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (Synthetic)For research use only
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Gonadorelin is a synthetic decapeptide identical to endogenous GnRH. In research, it’s used to probe and modulate the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis…

Half-life

Very short plasma half-life (~2–4 minutes IV); functional effect prolonged with SC dosing. Sustained stimulation typically requires pulsatile delivery.

Delivery

IV/SC bolus for stimulation testing; SC pump-based pulsatile infusion (e.g., every 60–120 minutes) for physiologic models; continuous infusion for suppression; intranasal routes appear in some protocols.

Suggested dosage

Not specified

Usage

Employed for LH/FSH stimulation tests, modeling ovulation/spermatogenesis with pulsatile infusion, and creating suppression models (continuous infusion) for endocrine studies.

Mechanism of action

Binds GnRH receptors on pituitary gonadotropes, activating Gq/11→PLC→IP3/DAG signaling, raising intracellular Ca²⁺ and causing LH/FSH secretion. Pulse frequency/amplitude bias LH vs FSH output; continuous exposure leads to receptor downregulation and decreased gonadotropin release.

Benefits (4)

  • Acute LH/FSH surge (diagnostic stimulation)
  • Physiologic HPG-axis modeling via pulsatile dosing
  • Supports ovulation/spermatogenesis models
  • Continuous dosing enables suppression paradigms

Side effects (5)

  • Flushing, headache, nausea, dizziness
  • Abdominal discomfort or injection-site irritation
  • Transient mood changes or fatigue
  • With continuous use: hypoestrogenic/androgen-suppression symptoms (e.g., hot flashes, decreased libido)
  • Rare hypersensitivity reactions
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