Peptide Library / Detail
Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH)
Half-life
4-6 minutes (native TRH); analog taltirelin has extended duration
Delivery
Subcutaneous or intravenous injection; oral administration for stable analogs like taltirelin
Dosage
—
Research Use Only
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Description
Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) is a tripeptide hormone naturally produced in the hypothalamus that regulates thyroid function by stimulating the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the pituitary gland. Beyond its endocrine role, TRH exhibits neuroprotective properties and influences energy metabolism, neural oscillations, and cognitive function. Research has demonstrated its potential therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative conditions, PTSD-like symptoms, and metabolic regulation.
Usage
TRH analogs such as taltirelin are used in research settings, typically administered at doses ranging from 0.5-2 mg orally or via injection. Research protocols vary based on application, with some studies examining single-dose effects while others investigate chronic administration. Timing is often coordinated with circadian rhythms due to TRH's role in hypothalamic-pituitary axis regulation.
Mechanism of Action
TRH binds to TRH receptors (TRHR1 and TRHR2) in the pituitary gland, triggering TSH release which subsequently stimulates thyroid hormone production. In the central nervous system, TRH activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathway, promoting neuroprotection and new protein synthesis. TRH neurons in the paraventricular nucleus regulate branched-chain amino acid catabolism, influencing energy expenditure. The peptide also modulates neural oscillations and protects against glutamate excitotoxicity in hippocampal neurons.
Benefits(7)
- Neuroprotection against glutamate toxicity and excitotoxic damage
- Alleviation of PTSD-like symptoms and restoration of neural oscillations
- Regulation of thyroid axis and metabolic function
- Enhancement of energy expenditure through metabolic pathway modulation
- Potential therapeutic benefit in hypothalamic dysfunction conditions
- Maintained gene expression during neural regeneration processes
- Protection of hippocampal neurons through AKT pathway activation
Side Effects(6)
- Transient increases in blood pressure
- Nausea or gastrointestinal discomfort
- Headache
- Anxiety or nervousness at higher doses
- Altered thyroid hormone levels with chronic use
- Potential pituitary desensitization with prolonged administration